Spotlight on coronations
The Liber Regalis
Find out how a highly decorated manuscript from the 14th century has guided the understanding of coronation services at Westminster Abbey.
How do we know what a medieval coronation would have looked like? Watch Dr Matthew Payne, Keeper of the Muniments, uncover what we know, and don’t know, about the Liber Regalis.
Spotlight on coronations: The Liber Regalis
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His Majesty The King's coronation
The significance of The Liber Regalis was highlighted at the start of the Order of Service. The congregation were reminded that the "rite of Coronation in England, which is really a series of ancient rituals, has its roots in the ninth century and was codified" in this book.
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The Liber Regalis, or Royal Book, is a medieval manual which explains how coronations are staged. The manuscript, which is currently on display in the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Galleries at Westminster Abbey, provides ceremonial instructions and the order of service for the coronation. Similar to other 14th century manuscripts, it is written on parchment and in Latin.
Along with the informative text, this manuscript contains four beautiful full-page illuminations, three of which relate to coronations. They illustrate the act of crowning monarchs; including a king alone, a queen alone, and a king and queen together. Each monarch is surrounded by religious and secular figures, highlighting the coronation as a ceremony of both church and state.
Look closer
Examine one of the coronation illuminations within the Liber Regalis.
Look closer
Examine one of the coronation illuminations within the Liber Regalis.
The Liber Regalis is one of the very few books left at the Abbey after the dissolution of the monasteries in the reign of King Henry VIII. Its usefulness for people in charge of planning coronations is likely to have ensured its survival.
While there are other sources to help with planning coronations in the present, the Liber Regalis does demonstrate the core parts of the Coronation service which have always been and will continue to be essential. Although over time there have been some substantial changes, such as the shift from the service being in Latin to English, the Liber Regalis is a reminder that this Christian service has largely remained the same for hundreds of years.
Spotlight on coronations
An introduction
Let’s start with the basics. What happens at a coronation and why do they take place at Westminster Abbey? Watch this short introduction to coronations to get you up to speed.
Spotlight on coronations
Order of Service
How do the congregation know what will happen during coronations? Watch The Reverend Mark Birch, Minor Canon and Precentor, describe why the order of service is so important.
Spotlight on coronations
Coronation Chair
Why does it matter where the monarch sits during their coronation? Watch Dr Susan Jenkins, Curator, unpack the historical and decorative features of this special chair.
Spotlight on coronations
Ampulla and spoon
What is significant about an ampulla and spoon? Watch The Reverend Dr James Hawkey, Canon Theologian and Almoner, explain the most symbolic and sacred part of the coronation.
Spotlight on coronations
Music
Why is music integral to coronations? Watch Peter Holder, Sub-Organist, describe its purpose within the service in this short introduction.
Spotlight on coronations
Royal regalia
Which objects feature in a coronation service? Watch Dr Tony Trowles, Head of Abbey Collection and Librarian, explain how the replica regalia are used in coronation rehearsals.
Spotlight on coronations
Coronation Theatre
Where exactly in Westminster Abbey do coronations take place? Watch Vanessa Simeoni, Head Conservator, explain the space that becomes the coronation theatre in this short introduction.
You are surrounded by history at the Abbey, not like a museum where it’s just displayed, but here you are standing where history has happened.
